How are difficulty level and block reward determined and stored in decentralized fashion in Bitcoin?

How are difficulty level and block reward determined and stored in decentralized fashion in Bitcoin?

I know the difficulty level and block reward are periodically adjusted in Bitcoin to keep the block time approximately to 10 minutes.

I guess these are not determined by a central authority but rather are determined in decentralized fashion. If so, what are the exact steps involved here? Each node independently computes on their own, propagates and will it be verified?

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